Radio frequency ablation (RFA) is a new technique that can destroy tumors in a variety of sites in liver. RFA is the destruction of abnormal tissue using Radio frequency generated high temperatures at needle tip of about 100-110 degree Celsius. The tumor is not removed and the destroyed cancer is left to be reabsorbed by the body. Initial results in properly selected patients with unresectable liver tumors show significant survival advantage.
It is performed under image guidance or as laparoscopic surgery or open surgery. Frequently, RFA is used in conjunction with liver resection as some of the tumors are removed while others are treated with RFA.
Removal of cancer of the liver by surgical means is the treatment of choice. In many patients surgery is not possible because of the extent of the tumor or the presence of cirrhosis that poses an excessive risk of liver failure after the surgery. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a procedure used to destroy (kill) liver cancer.
RFA is frequently an option in patients in whom surgical removal of the tumor is not an option. Radiofrequency ablation is a safe and well tolerated procedure that is associated with few complications. RFA is not currently viewed as curative procedure, rather is a procedure that could lead to increased survivability and quality of life.
All patients being considered for RFA should be evaluated by an experienced liver surgeon first since surgical removal of the tumor is the best approach.
How does it work?
Using intra operative imaging of the tumor with ultrasound, an electrode is positioned strategically within the lesion. Then, the electrode is connected to a unique radiofrequency generator and electrical current is delivered into the tissue. As the cells are heated, they are destroyed. The mechanism of RFA is similar to that of a microwave oven, heating from the inside out. The body eliminates the destroyed tumor cells over a period of time.
How is the procedure performed?
RFA may be performed through an open surgical incision or via laparoscopy. Laparoscopy (also referred to as minimally invasive surgery) is performed through multiple, small skin incisions. They have 2 or 3 small incisions of about 1 cms long through which the laparoscope, ultrasound probe and retractor are introduced and the procedure is performed